Great Photographers

Ed Burtynsky
Born 1955 Ukraine
Ryerson University
His work explores the intricate link between industry and nature and include remarkable depictions of global industrial landscapes. They are highly expressive visions that find beauty and humanity in the most unlikely of places. He is known as one of Canada's most respected photographers. His collections are included in over fifty major museums around the world including the Guggenheim in New York and Bibliotéque Nationale in Paris.

  

Todd Hido
Born 1968 Kent, Ohio 
Rhode Island School of Design
California College of Arts
An American contemporary artist and photographer, much of his work involves urban and suburban housing across the U.S. He produces large, highly detailed and luminous color photographs. They reveal isolation and anonymity that increase the effect of loneliness and loss.

Richard Prince
Born 1949 Panama Canal Zone
Works in Upstate NY

A maker of photographs, drawings, paintings, sculptures, and writings. He is best known for his recycling of magazine and newspaper images that relate to pop culture. He uses frequent references to sex, drugs, rock-and-roll, alcoholism, and movies. His art continually questions definitions of art, originality, and technique.

Robert Doisneau
1912-1994
France
A renowned photographer, he was also a pioneer of photojournalism. He is famous for Kiss by the Hotel de Ville, a photo of a couple kissing in the busy streets of Paris. He is known for his modest, playful, and ironic images of amusing juxtapositions, mingling social classes, and eccentrics in contemporary Paris streets and cafes.

 

Stephen Shore
Born 1947
American
A photographer known for his images of banal scenes and objects in the U.S. and for his pioneering use of color in art photography. At age 17 he met Andy Warhol and began to frequent his studio, the Factory, photographing Warhol and the creative people around him. At the age of 24, he became the second living photographer to have a solo exhibition at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. In 1972, he took to the road and took a collection of photographs of the American and Canadian landscapes.

 



Harry Callahan
1912-1999
Detroit, Michigan
An influential 20th century American photographer, his technical method was to go out every morning, walk the city where he lived, and take numerous pictures. He frequently photographed his wife, Eleanor, and daughter, Barbara. He shows a strong sense of line and form, and light and darkness. He also worked with multiple exposures. His work is a deeply personal response to his own life.

Letter Fountain Homework

What are small capitals? How are they different than something set in ALL CAPS?
Does your font have small caps? If not name a font that does.
Small capitals are smaller versions of capitals. They are not reduced capitals, but separately designed small capitals with an x-value that is generally higher than the lowercase letters. The stem weight is adjusted to suit the lowercase. They are used for texts containing lots of initials, abbreviations in capitals or words in capitals. Bodoni has small caps.

What are ligatures? why are they used? when are they not used? what are common ligatures? Does your font have ligatures? If not name a font that does.
Ligatures are fixed character combinations, used to avoid unattractive overlapping in normal print work of characters that could collide. If extra letter spacing is used in a text, ligatures aren't used and combinations of characters have to be set separately. Bodoni has ligatures.

What is the difference between a foot mark and an apostrophe?
An apostrophe is similar in form to a comma but placed higher and used to indicate the omission of one or more letters in a word, to indicate possession, or to indicate plurals in numbers. A foot mark is used to indicate measurement in feet.


What is the difference between an inch mark and a quote mark (smart quote)?
 An inch mark is used to indicate measurement in inches. A quote mark is placed at the beginning and end of a word, quotation, piece of dialogue, or phrase use to indicate that the words do not originate with the narrator.


What is a hyphen, en dash and em dashes, what are the differences and when are they used.
A hyphen is used as a symbol to break words. It is used to prevent big gaps and ugly breaks in a block of text. An example is 'pre-school.' An en dash is longer than a hyphen and is used to demarcate a parenthetical thought or to indicate a sudden change of direction. An em dash is used to demarcate parenthetical thought in English texts and the dashes are unspaced.